Preheat your oven to 375°F (190°C). Line a baking sheet with parchment paper or foil for easier cleanup.
Prepare the mushrooms by gently removing the stems (reserve them!) and wiping the caps clean with a damp paper towel. Don't wash mushrooms under running water—they'll absorb it like tiny sponges and become waterlogged.
Finely chop the mushroom stems. These add flavor and help stretch the filling. No waste here!
Heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add the chopped mushroom stems and shallot, cooking until softened, about 3-4 minutes.
Add the Italian sausage to the skillet, breaking it into small crumbles as it cooks. Cook until no pink remains, about 5-7 minutes.
Stir in the minced garlic and red pepper flakes (if using) and cook for another 30 seconds until fragrant.
Remove from heat and let cool slightly for about 5 minutes. Nobody wants a filling that's too hot to handle.
In a mixing bowl, combine the softened cream cheese, 1/2 cup mozzarella, Parmesan, chopped parsley, and the slightly cooled sausage mixture. Season with salt and black pepper to taste, keeping in mind that the sausage and cheeses already contain salt.
Arrange the mushroom caps cavity-side up on the prepared baking sheet. If they wobble, slice a tiny bit off the rounded bottom to create a flat surface—stable mushrooms make for easier filling and serving.
Stuff each mushroom cap generously with the sausage and cheese mixture, slightly mounding the filling.
In a small bowl, mix the remaining 2 tablespoons of mozzarella with the breadcrumbs (if using). Sprinkle this mixture over the stuffed mushrooms for a crispy top.
Bake for 18-20 minutes until the mushrooms are tender and the tops are golden brown and slightly crispy.
Let cool for 5 minutes before serving. Garnish with additional fresh parsley for color and a burst of freshness.